Centre increases windfall gains tax on crude, diesel and ATF

As per the revisions, SAED on crude petroleum will increase to Rs 5,050/tonne, from the old Rs 1,900/tonne; while tax on diesel will increase to Rs 7.5/litre from Rs 5/litre. Further, SAED on ATF will now increase to Rs 6/litre from Rs 3.5/litre, while SAED on petrol continues to be nil.

India first imposed windfall profit taxes on July 1, joining a growing number of nations that tax super normal profits of energy companies. At that time, export duties of Rs 6/litre (412 per barrel) each were levied on petrol and ATF, and Rs 13/litre ($26 a barrel) on diesel. A Rs 23,250/tonne ($40/barrel) windfall profit tax on domestic crude production was also levied.

Crude oil pumped out of the ground and from below the seabed is refined and converted into fuel like petrol, diesel and aviation turbine fuel (ATF).

The government levies tax on windfall profits made by oil producers on any price they get above a threshold of $75 per barrel. The levy on fuel exports is based on cracks or margins that refiners earn on overseas shipments. These margins are primarily a difference between the international oil price realised and the cost.

The last increase was in October 2022, following a cut in OPEC output plans which pushed up prices to a five-week high.