Major Cholesterol Breakthrough Holds Promise for Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke

Researchers at the University of Leicester, in collaboration with teams from the USA, China, and Australia, have unveiled a groundbreaking discovery related to the absorption of dietary cholesterol into human cells. Published in the prestigious journal Science, the research focuses on the pivotal role of two proteins, Aster B and Aster C, in transporting cholesterol. This breakthrough provides new avenues for therapeutic interventions that could transform the regulation of cholesterol uptake, potentially preventing cardiovascular diseases and strokes.

Cholesterol, a crucial fatty substance in the bloodstream, is synthesized in the liver and found in certain foods. Excessive cholesterol, or high cholesterol, can lead to the buildup of fatty deposits in arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease. The research, generously funded by the Leducq Foundation, has identified the essential function of Aster B and Aster C in transporting cholesterol from the cell membrane of the intestinal lining to an internal compartment, where it undergoes modification before entering circulation.

Professor John Schwabe, Director of the Institute for Structural and Chemical Biology at the University of Leicester, emphasized the significance of the discovery. He highlighted that understanding cholesterol absorption and metabolism is crucial for designing new drugs and therapies. The research also explored the cholesterol-lowering drug Ezetimibe, revealing its effectiveness in blocking the transport of cholesterol by Aster B and Aster C.

The implications of this research extend beyond the laboratory, offering potential breakthroughs in preventive and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular disease remains a leading global cause of death, and high cholesterol levels significantly contribute to its development. The newfound knowledge of Aster B and Aster C proteins' roles in cholesterol transport equips researchers to develop strategies that could reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

The collaborative effort funded by the Leducq Foundation involves scientists from various disciplines, aiming to advance the understanding of cholesterol absorption and transport. Ezetimibe, the investigated cholesterol-lowering drug, demonstrates promise in blocking cholesterol transport proteins, opening avenues for developing drugs that specifically target Aster B and Aster C. The research offers hope for innovative therapies that could contribute to reducing the global burden of cardiovascular disease.