International Labour Day 2024: Global celebrations, contemporary significance and more

In today's dynamic landscape, where giants like Google, Apple, Reliance, Tesla and other major tech players shape the fabric of our digital age, the essence of Labour Day holds newfound relevance. It's a reminder that behind every technological marvel and innovative breakthrough lies the dedication and toil of countless individuals, from software engineers to factory workers.

Labour Day isn't just a commemoration; it's a call to action, urging us to safeguard the rights of every worker, whether they're crafting lines of code or assembling components in a factory. It underscores the pivotal role of the working class in driving progress and prosperity, underscoring the need for fair wages, safe working conditions, and inclusive policies.

On the first of May each year, the world comes together to honour International Labour Day, a tribute to the relentless spirit and invaluable contributions of the global workforce. Originating in the late 19th century, when workers united for fair treatment and dignified conditions, Labour Day stands as a beacon of solidarity and progress.

Rooted in the historic struggle for an eight-hour workday, Labour Day has evolved into a symbol of advocacy for workers' rights worldwide. From the bustling streets of Chicago to the vibrant markets of Chennai, the resonance of this day echoes across borders, uniting individuals in a shared pursuit of justice and equity.

The Indian context of 'Labour Day'

Comrade Singaravelar, a prominent figure in the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan, played a pivotal role in organising the first May Day celebrations in India on May 1, 1923, in Chennai (then known as Madras). The Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan, which was an influential political party advocating for the rights of labourers and farmers, saw May Day as an opportunity to mobilise workers and highlight their struggles.

To commemorate this significant occasion, Comrade Singaravelar arranged two meetings in Chennai. These meetings were aimed at bringing together workers from various industries to discuss their grievances, demands, and the need for solidarity among the labouring class. The gatherings also served as a platform for the party to rally support for labour rights and social justice causes.

The first meeting likely involved speeches by leaders of the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan, including Singaravelar himself, addressing issues such as fair wages, improved working conditions, and the recognition of labour rights. It would have been a momentous occasion, marking the beginning of organised labour movements in India and paving the way for future May Day celebrations.

The significance of this event cannot be overstated, as it laid the foundation for the recognition of International Workers' Day in India and underscored the importance of solidarity and collective action in advancing the interests of the working class.

Different names, same meaning

May Day, also known globally as International Workers' Day, holds diverse significance across nations, often tied to their unique historical contexts. While it is celebrated on May 1st in many countries, others commemorate labour movements on different dates, reflecting local struggles and achievements.

For instance, in Japan, Labour Thanksgiving Day falls on November 23rd, serving as a day of appreciation for workers, deeply rooted in Japanese culture and history. Meanwhile, China designates May 1st as a statutory holiday, often extending it into a three-day break, emphasising the importance of rest and recognition of labour.

Bangladesh marks April 24th as Labour Safety Day, a solemn remembrance of the Rana Plaza building collapse tragedy, in which many workers lost their lives. Additionally, May 1st is observed as Labour Day, aligning with the international calendar.

May Day or ‘mayday’

It's crucial to differentiate between May Day and "mayday." While the former celebrates the global labour movement's struggles and achievements, the latter serves as an emergency distress signal used across various sectors, such as aviation, maritime, and emergency services.

Historically, May Day originated as a rural festival in Europe, celebrating the arrival of spring with agricultural rituals traced back to ancient Greek and Roman traditions. However, as the 20th century unfolded, the focus shifted towards honouring workers worldwide, with traditional May Day festivities gradually giving way to a broader international holiday dedicated to labour rights and solidarity.